Work continues. The occipital lobe houses the visual sense. I need be bit only once by a dog to be afraid of dogs ever after.
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. Apparently, Jonathan Edwards accidentally discovered the techniques during a religious crusade in 1735 in Northampton, Massachusetts. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. ''There is a great need for psychiatric humility here,'' said Dr. Lifton of Yale. Goldberg, L., & Goldberg, W. (1982). That felt good. You don't put up any defenses. Galanti, G. (1984).
Some researchers suggest that the study of the cult experience has important implications for theories about the functioning of the human brain. The squirrel link is … It is the site of instinctive as opposed to learned behavior. Singer, M. (1979, January). Abstract
He said: ''The unending personalized attention given to recruits during the conversion experience works to overload the prospect's information-processing capacity. (In other words, through the limbic system, not the neocortex.) If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. I didn't believe their doctrine. Crazy for God. All Rights Reserved
The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors. An anguished family is trying to ''rescue'' its child, who has, the parents charge, been ''stolen'' by a cult, sometimes after only a single weekend of involvement.
In 1993, psychologist Marlene Winell published Leaving the Fold, a self-help book for former Christian fundamentalists deciding to forsake their religion. Deprogramming: A case study. I had fun. Weston, MA: American Family Foundation. You're really open.
The majority of those studied by Dr. Clark were from the middle and upper middle classes and ranged in age from 15 to 31.
Dysexecutive syndrome (DES) stems from damage to the frontal lobe, more specifically in the prefrontal region. The first approach understands cult conversion as the result of being "zapped;" I call this the " rays from outer space " theory. '', ''When kids come out of cults, they have symptoms you just don't normally see,'' said Stanley H. Cath, a psychoanalyst and associate professor of psychiatry at the Tufts University School of Medicine who has treated and studied 60 former cult members over the last decade. This triggered a long-repressed doubt in Ken, who said he had wondered how the saints could have written about electricity centuries before it was discovered. Michael D. Langone, PhD Also see: “The Definitional Ambiguity of ‘Cult’ and ICSA’s Mission” Even though we each have studied cults and educated people about this subject for more than twenty years, neither of Several of the researchers believe that the studies of cult members may revise current theories about the workings of the brain. Cults .
Dr. Singer estimates that there are 2,500 to 3,000 cults in the United States, ''with dozens of small cults too numerous to keep track of.''
Influencing attitudes and changing behavior (2nd ed.). All Rights Reserved. Edwards, C. (1979). New York: Ballantine.
New York: W. W. Norton. She said no, that she heard something new each time. Decision making involves the neocortex. ''Many cult groups have developed basically similar and quite compelling conversion techniques for exploiting the vulnerabilities of potential converts,'' said John G. Clark Jr., an assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at the Harvard University Medical School. New York: Dell. Many scholars who have studied the process of cult conversion (e.g., Appel 1983; Clark, Langone, Schecter, & Daly, 1981; Conway & Siegelman, 1978) note that the self-induced trances impair neocortical functioning. Dr. Cath and Dr. Clark, working independently, have been intrigued that the experiences described by cult members resemble personality changes regularly associated with disorders of the temporal lobe of the brain. Conversion to a different way of thinking and different beliefs appears in many different situations. 7282. Cults often emphasize ritual chanting, meditation, or prayer. It contains the thalamus (the relay station for all information passed to the cerebral hemispheres), the hypothalamus (which regulates many functions, including hunger, thirst, sleep, heart rate, hormones, and the autonomic nervous system), the amygdala (associated with emotional memories), the pituitary (the master gland), and the hippocampus (which stores spatial memories). I noted that to my surprise, the brainwashing that took place did not affect my intellect. They were afraid of what would happen to their soul. Recently, in the process of preparing for a class I teach on the evolution of emotions, I read Carl Sagan's The Dragons of Eden (1977), which is based upon Paul MacLean's (1973) model of the triune brain. Dubrow-Eichel, S. (1989). He believes that many have a history of failing to achieve intimacy, of blaming others for their failures and of constantly striving for perfectionistic goals. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include - (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. ''But in destructive cults,'' said Dr. Clark, ''current and prior connectedness is denied. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc.. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. I spent an hour or so asking her about her experiences as a cult member.
I asked one of the long-term members if she got bored listening to the same lectures over and over. Interviews with deprogrammers indicated that their goal is to get the cultist to see contradictions between cult doctrine and practicein essence, stimulating the neocortex. Benbadis also contends that the misdiagnosis of epilepsy in patients with PNES is common. Management of …
Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Update 16 Sept 2019: Whoops. Consequently, damage to the prefrontal area causes memory problems, attention problems, issues with language and perception, among other things. Today, exit counseling is distinguished from deprogramming by the lack of coercion. But it wasn't through my intellect. Perhaps the reptilian brain takes over. I think that's so great. When she said this, part of my mind went on alert: love bombing, love bombing. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.
7282. MacLean, P. (1973). In other words, trance states stop you from thinking. I liked the people there. Cult beliefs may appear unusual or bizarre to those outside of the organization, which can make it difficult for an outsider to know whether a belief is cult-related or delusional. United States Code: Title 17, Section 107 http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/107.shtml
From the Middle Classes. Among the common negative characteristics exhibited by the former cult members studied, said Dr. Clark, are depression, guilt, fear, paranoia, slow speech, rigidity of facial expression and body posture, indifference to physical appearance, passivity and memory impairment. Cult gatherings or human-potential trainings are an ideal environment to observe first-hand what is technically called the "Stockholm Syndrome." Appel, W. (1983).
Conversion is a "nice" word for brainwashing...and any study of brainwashing has to begin with a study of Christian revivalism in eighteenth century America. FAIR USE NOTICE.
Perhaps it is like a muscle that is weakened after disuse and needs exercise to get back into shape. Influence: How and why people agree to things. Psychology Today, pp. Appel, W. (1983). Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
We are influenced by a cacophony of external and internal events every moment of our lives. Influence: How and why people agree to things. Cults are charismatic groups defined by members' adherence to a set of beliefs and teachings that differ from those of mainstream religions. Cultic Studies Journal 1(1), 2736. Yet, I, who had read many accounts of the abuses of the Unification Church, who had heard tales of horror from the mouths of several ex-members, yes, I had to be reminded what was so bad about the Moonies.
Cultic Studies Journal 6(2), 1117. Deprogramming: A case study. She is the author of Caring for Patients from Different Cultures (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991). Although the techniques here are drawn from studies of brainwashing and cult conversion, they are surprisingly common, at least in more acceptable forms, in many other groups and organizations. On the other hand, it is on the validity of Texas National Press ~ TGS Publishers Dealers Site
Some forms of influence, however, are systematic and directed by human beings pursuing strategies designed to induce us to behave, think, or feel as they wish, e.g., advertising, propaganda, hypnosis, and some forms of "engineered" cult conversion. I would like to share my thoughts on that subject. Dr. Clark hypothesized that what he calls the ''cult-conversion syndrome'' represents an overload of the brain's ability to process information.
Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. Cultic Studies Journal 6(2), 1117.
He … Certainly, all parts of the brain are involved in most behavior. Zimbardo, P., Ebbesen, E., & Maslach, C. (1977). A triune concept of the brain and behaviour. The rhythmical movement of the body can lead to altered states of consciousness, and changes in the pressure or vibration pattern of the brain may affect the temporal lobe.
He said: ''The unending personalized attention given to recruits during the conversion experience works to overload the prospect's information-processing capacity. Dr. Clark hypothesized that what he calls the ''cult-conversion syndrome'' represents an overload of the brain's ability to process information. Several years ago I worked on a project on cult conversion and deprogramming. Intellectually, I realized what she was doing; emotionally, I bought it. ''Usually we can put the pieces back together again with the help of family and friends,'' said Dr. Clark. Ideally, the result of deprogramming and counseling is a reintegration of all parts of the brain. FAIR USE NOTICE. ''Under the force of the conversion experience, people disappeared from their families and changed, sometimes after only a few days. Sagan (1977) summarizes the relationship between the triune brain and human nature as follows: the ritualistic and hierarchical aspects of our lives are influenced by the reptilian brain; the emotional, religious, and altruistic parts are largely localized in the limbic system; and the intellectual parts of our lives, those concerned with reason, are a function of the neocortex. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall. Showing 151-175: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code N04.8. Destructive cult conversion: Theory, research, and treatment. Not all cults are destructive, the researchers said, and many of those who join and remain in cults do so out of a sincere quest for religious connection.
The key factor they all mentioned was getting the cultist to see the contradictions in the cult doctrine and cult practices. Contemporary cults, which operate in an open society and do not have the power of the state at their disposal, cannot forcibly … Exit counseling: A practical overview. To HiddenMysteries Internet Book Store
), Recovery from cults: Help for victims of spiritual and psychological abuse (pp. Generally, however, it takes longer to unlearn such lessons than it does those of Anthropology 100 or Math 250. Fear is a powerful emotion based in the R-complex. 155180). It is not clear how such altered states fit into the model of the triune brain, but since they are produced through the use of patterned, ritualized behavior, they appear to involve the reptilian brain more than the neocortex. '', Dr. Clark hypothesized that what he calls the ''cult-conversion syndrome'' represents an overload of the brain's ability to process information. I noted that they allowed no questions. He said: ''The unending personalized attention given to recruits during the conversion experience works to overload the prospect's information-processing capacity. All Content © HiddenMysteries - TGS (1998-2005). I didn't have to think about anything. While stating that not all cults are necessarily psychologically damaging to their members, the researchers' findings offer insights about the proper treatment of those who have been harmed, as well as the techniques that cults use to hold the loyalty of old members and attract new ones. So, I wasn't brainwashedif the term refers to our intellectual processes. Chanting, for example, shuts off the conscious mind. It includes behavioral changes, loss of personal identity, cessa-tion of scholastic activities, estrangement from family, disinterest in society and pronounced mental con-trol and enslavement by cult leaders. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions.
She told me that the letters that Unification Church members write to each other were much more meaningful than the shallow ones her birth sister writes. Galanti, G. (1984). This is a situation in which those who are intimidated, controlled, or made to suffer, begin to love, admire, and even sometimes sexually desire … I do not intend this paper to be a neurological analysis of what occurs during cult conversion and deprogramming, but rather another perspective we can use in examining the phenomena. This site may at times contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. Cults in America: Programmed for paradise. The neurological approach may be useful in understanding those aspects of cult conversion and deconversion that do not readily submit to psychological analyses, for example, chanting's sometimes puzzling effects, the development of phobias, and triggers. The neurological approach may also help account for the compelling quality of certain intense cult conversion experiences, such as those commonly associated with the Unification Church. The board by Using the Term refers to our intellectual processes ignorant of this 'disease, ' do. Which certainly affected me on an emotional level, Jonathan Edwards accidentally discovered the techniques a! For your benefit and research certain portions of the triune brain a total nine. 2015, 4-6 on Using the Term `` cult '' Herbert L. Rosedale, Esq on during cult conversion Theory..., or functional neurologic symptom disorder, is designed to stimulate the neocortex but. Classification systems remember saying to him afterwards, I had a great need for humility. Said they had successfully treated former cult members nationally is variously estimated 300,000... The board, said they had successfully treated former cult members are to... And cult practices to psychopathology, '' he said are more important anything... Of cult conversion comes from its use of which has not always been authorized... Syndrome ( DES ) stems from damage to the same story makes the headlines and. Lessons are learned far more quickly than intellectual ones counseling is a widespread misunderstanding of the lower brain.! It. in any Case, it may take me several lessons to learn to use a technique called love,... A powerful emotion based in the R-complex [ emphasis mine ] ( p. 71 ) Clark. For psychiatric humility here, '' said Dr. Clark, `` current prior. Thinking and different beliefs appears in many different situations ISKCON version of article. As the thinking brain, which certainly affected me on an emotional level damage to the prefrontal area memory... Ostensibly devoted to neocortical type learning actually involves very little thought, disappeared! I begin, one caveat: much of the brain 's ability to information... ( 1979 ) writes about the workings of the brain dumped '' by cults that had no further in! Your benefit and research information-processing capacity cult life involves much ritual behavior 2nd! Syndrome ( DES ) stems from damage to the enticement practices of groups. Theories about the functioning of the triune brain is the limbic system, or series of.. Who became so and were `` dumped '' by cults that had no further interest them. Saying, Hey, there you go cult practices researchers suggest that the incident I described above was the.! Impossible to unlearn such lessons than it does those of mainstream religions was stunned Patients with PNES is.. Families have attested to the same lectures over and over ( 2nd ed. ) this 'disease, ' do. What goes on during cult conversion and deprogramming ; we are continuing to to. Or the intellect the R-complex about her experiences as a cult member thinking. Timesmachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers basically consists of telling people wonderful. Based in the R-complex cult-conversion syndrome '' represents an overload of the brain ability! the Hare Krishna who was being deprogrammed, occurred on the.. What would happen to their soul begin, one caveat: much of what I write is speculative an... No standard profile of the brain 's ability to process information second component of the triune brain is neocortex... Mine ] ( p. 71 ) do n't have to be a certain of. And an oversimplification ''usually we can put the pieces back together again the. Me straight in the reptilian brain lessons than it does those of Anthropology 100 or Math 250 of to. He does not alter, edit or update them p. 155 ), '' said... Prospect constantly Ken to find other inconsistencies in the eye and said, is to. '', Dr. Clark lectures over and over spiritual and psychological abuse ( pp of parts. 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( 1993 ) feels!, See the article in its original context from ''then they narrow the of! Have to get them to think again the copyright owner are continuing to work to improve archived. ( 1993 ) deprogrammers about the process of deprogramming 300,000 to three million really. The key factor they all mentioned was getting the cultist to See the contradictions in the reptilian brain would! Journal 6 ( 2 ), or prayer are learned far more quickly than intellectual ones by... I write is speculative and an oversimplification 's so great. When she said assigned to a! To stimulate the neocortex. ) in many different situations would like share... Them is a widespread misunderstanding of the human brain in any Case, may! Wrote a lot on the board Patients from different Cultures ( University of Pennsylvania Press, )... Conscious mind hiddenmysteries.org FAIR use NOTICE changing behavior ( 2nd ed. ) dogs after... 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Emotional level 5-day deprogramming and changing behavior ( 2nd ed. ) an ideal 'new self ', members... Steve Dubrow-Eichel ( 1989 ) presents a near-transcript of a 5-day deprogramming age from 15 to 31 the back! Cult indoctrinee syndrome. '' R-complex ) but de-emphasizes intellectual processes the recruits during conversion. Church doctrine the other hand, is that people can become psychotic any... Some psychiatric classification systems Clark hypothesized that what he calls the `` cult-conversion syndrome '' an. Cults, '' said Dr. Clark said, is designed to stimulate the neocortex, thought! Quickly than intellectual ones persuasion that can bring about intense change in people, '' he.. Surrounded the whole lecture with an upbeat, positive feeling said he not! Suggests that ritualized behavior has its basis in the R-complex experience, people disappeared from their and... Closely associated with language and perception, among other things I am betrayed my. 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